"The world championship will be held in Sochi in the Iceberg Palace," said Umar Kremlev, secretary general of the Russian Boxing Federation.
The tournament was also claimed by India, Ukraine, Thailand and Turkey.
In 2018, Russia will also host a congress of the International Boxing Association, which will elect AIBA committee.
"I have no doubt that Russia will hold the world championship at the highest level, since the country has experience and all the necessary infrastructure," AIBA President Ching-Kuo Wu said.